March 31, 2014

*Freedom Fighters of India*

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi
Mahatma Gandhi popularly known as ‘Father of the Nation’ was one of the charismatic Indian leaders who fought for the freedom of the country. This great leader was born in Porbandar, Gujarat on Oct 2, 1869. He constantly began promoting satyagraha, non-violence, non-cooperation and swaraj to achieve independence. Finally, in August 1947, the British were forced to leave India.
 

Subhas Chandra Bose
Known as Netaji (leader), S C Bose was a fierce freedom fighter and a popular leader on the political horizon in pre-independence India. Bose was elected the President of the Indian National Congress in the year 1937 and 1939. He founded the Indian National Army and raised the slogan- "Delhi Chalo" and "Tum Mujhe Khoon Do main Tumhe Ajadi Doonga". For his anti- British remarks and activities, Bose was jailed 11 times between 1920 and 1941. He was the leader of the youth wing of the Congress Party.


Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
His brave deeds earned Vallabhbhai Patel the title of the iron man of India. For his role in the Bardoli Satyagraha, Patel came to be called the Sardar. Sardar Patel was a famous lawyer but gave up his practice in order to fight for the freedom of the country. After independence he became the deputy PM of India and played an important role the integration of India by merging numerous princely states with the Indian Union.


Bal Gangadhar Tilak
Bal Gangadhar Tilak was one of the firebrand freedom fighters of India. He gave the slogan- "Swaraj is my birthright and I shall have it". To serve the cause of freedom and countrymen Tilak founded schools and published newspapers. Tilak was famous as one of the trios- Bal, Pal and Lal. People loved him and accepted him as their leaders and so he was called Lokmanya Tilak. 


Bhagat Singh
The name of Bhagat Singh is synonymous with sacrifice, courage, bravery and vision. By sacrificing his life just at the age of 30 Bhagat Singh became an inspiration and symbol of the heroism. Along with other revolutionaries, Bhagat Singh founded the Hindustan Socialist republican Association. To warn the British government of its misdeeds, Bhagat Singh threw a bomb in the Central Legislative Assembly. By embracing death at an young age Bhagat Singh became a symbol of sacrifice and courage and made a place in the hearts of every Indian for ever.

Maulana Abul Kalam Azad

Maulana Abul Kalam Azad was an active member of the Indian National congress and a great freedom fighter. Maulana Azad took part in most of the important movements. He presided over the special session of Congress in September 1923 and at 35 years of age, was the youngest man to be elected the President of the Congress.

Gopal Krishna Gokhale

Gopal Krishna Gokhale was one of the moderate leaders of the Indian National Congress. He was the political Guru of Mahatma Gandhi, the father of the nation. He also presided over the annual session of the Congress at Benaras in the year 1905. He was also opposed to the entry of the extremists in the Congress.

Jawaharlal Nehru

Pt Jawaharlal Nehru was one of the important people, who struggled for the freedom of India and became the first prime minister of free India. He was also the author of the famous book "Discovery of India". J L Nehru was extremely fond of children and was fondly called "Chacha Nehru". It was under his leadership that India embarked on the planned pattern of economic development.

Mangal Pandey
Born on July 19, 1827 in the village of Nagwa, district Ballia, Uttar Pradesh, Mangal Pandey was introduced to Indian history as the first freedom fighter and martyr of 1857. He is popularly named ‘Shaheed Mangal Pandey’ because ‘Shaheed’ means martyr in Urdu and he was the first Indian sepoy who woke up the Indian masses to fight for the nation.

Chakravarti Rajagopalachari
Popularly known as ‘Rajaji’ or ‘C.R.’, was born in a Tamil Brahmin family on December 10, 1878 in a village of Salem district.He was a great patriot, astute politician, incisive thinker, and one of the greatest statesmen.

March 27, 2014

3,200 Year Old Tree:

Cloaked in the snows of California’s Sierra Nevada, the 3,200-year-old giant sequoia called the President rises 247 feet. 


Two other sequoias have wider trunks, but none has a larger crown, say the scientists who climbed it. The figure at top seems taller than the other climbers because he’s standing forward on one of the great limbs. 

The trunk is 27 feet wide and the his mighty branches hold 2 billion needles, the most of any tree on the planet. On top of that, he still adds one cubic meter of wood per year – making him one of the fastest growing trees in the world. 

Giant sequoias exist in only one place, where The President and smaller trees that make up his “House” and “Senate”, reside. On the western slope of the Sierra Nevadas in California, at 5000-8000 ft above sea level. 

The team painstakingly put together a set of pulleys and levers to climb the tree. It took 32 days and the piecing together of 126 separate photos, but they managed it!


Source & Courtesy:  http://worldarcheology.blogspot.pt

March 23, 2014

Useful Widget HTML Codes For The Blog:

Here's a collection of best and most useful blog widgets or add-ons that can be easily integrated with any website/blog. All these below add-ons are 100% Free and they are very easy to install. Some useful blogger tools widget HTML codes are given below. Hope it will useful to increase the visitors of the blog.

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March 21, 2014

Profile and Background of the UPSC Board of Members:

Why Should Know about the UPSC Members?

Having a brief knowledge about the interview panel can prove very helpful for the IAS aspirants. Knowing about the educational and professional background of the Interview Panel members can give you an edge in the interview process. It might help you in knowing what kind of questions might be asked by a particular interview panel. Also, knowledge of the background of the interview panel can help you in communicating better. Once you have a rough idea about the members of the interview panel, you can express yourself tactfully.
Thus, with the aim of the welfare of the Civil Services Aspirants, UPSCPORTAL presents a brief overview of the UPSC Board members.
Along with the general profile of the UPSC members, we are also providing the area of expertize of the members, to help you in deducing the areas to focus.

The Union Public Service Commission: Composition

Presently, the UPSC consists of One Chairman, and 9 other members. Here is the list of the members
Source: upsc.gov.in
Please note that most of the members of the present UPSC are recently appointed. Therefore, not much is known is about the interests of the members. Thus, it is plausible to know about their academic and professional background. This would help you in focusing on certain issues, from the interview point of view.

Profile and Background of the UPSC Members

Prof. D. P. Agarwal (Chairman UPSC):

Prof. Agarwal assumed the charge of Chairman of the UPSC with effect from August 16, 2008 (AN). Before assuming the charge of Chairman, he was Member, U.P.S.C. during the period from October 31, 2003 to August 15, 2008. Prior to this, Professor D.P. Agrawal was the founder Director of Atal Behari Vajpayee Indian Institute of Information Technology and Management (IIITM), Gwalior.
Professor Agrawal has been an eminent teacher, educational administrator and institution builder. He was Professor and Dean at IIT Delhi from where, in 1994, he took over as Joint Educational Adviser (T) in the Ministry of HRD, Government of India. He has planned and developed a number of initiatives at national level in technical education, particularly in the areas of information technology and computer education. He has made substantial contribution for the development of vocational education through advice and guidance.
Professor Agrawal was Managing Director of Educational Consultants India Ltd. (Ed.CIL), a PSU of Government of India.
His research papers have received awards from Institutes of Engineers. In addition to being a member of a number of governing bodies of institutions, Professor Agrawal is a member of a number of professional institutions and societies.
He has led a number of delegations of the Government of India to the USA, Australia, Germany, New Zealand and Canada.
Prof. Agrawal was christened as ‘Engineer of the Year 2006’ by the Institution of Engineers. Hon. Fellowship Award was conferred by Indian Society for Technical Education on 14th December, 2006. He was also awarded with the Honorary Degree of Jiwaji University, Gwalior, during its Convocation Ceremony held on 29.10.2009. Recently he has been conferred with the Distinguished Alumni Award for the year 2011 by the IIT Delhi Alumni Association.

Area of Expertise

  • Most Experienced Person in the UPSC, thus the Chairman.
  • Engineering Background. Highly acclaimed (Engineer of the Year 2006)
  • Experience of Teaching in one of the most reputed IT institutes of India.
  • Administrative Experience under HRD Ministry.
  • Area to Focus- Initiatives in Education and Technical sector in India; Developments in Science and Engineering; International Cooperation in the field of Education.


Rajni Razdan:

Joined the Indian Administrative Service in 1973 (Haryana 1973). From 1973-1976 worked as Sub-Divisional Magistrate & Additional Collector (Rural Development Programmes) Haryana. From 1979-85 worked as Director Lotteries and Treasury & Accounts, Haryana. Worked as MD Haryana Handloom Corporation from 1985 -87. In 1987-89 joined as Director, Higher Education, Haryana.
From 1991- 92 worked as Director in the Steel Ministry and handled the modernization of SAIL Steel Plants of Durgapur and Rourkela.
From 1999-2003 served in the Central Government as Joint Secretary, Edible Oils in the Food Ministry. Also did Administration, edible oils, Storage, Commodities Exchange and a save grain campaign. Got the Official Language 1st and 2nd prize for the Department of Food and Public Distribution for 2 years in 2000-01 and 2002.
In December 2003 was appointed in Haryana as Principal Secretary Housing and also Chairman, Haryana Housing Board.
In May 2006, came to Government of India as Additional Secretary (Pensions) in the Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions.
Served as Secretary, Pension and Administrative Reforms and Public Grievances during 2007-2009. Appointed Member, Union Public Service Commission in April, 2010.

Area of Expertise-

  • Another Experienced Member of the UPSC.
  • Experince of working under Rural Development Programme, and Haryana Handloom Corporation.
  • Experience in a number of other departments- Accounts, Iron & Steel Food Ministry, Education, Housing etc.
  • Won the Official Language Prize for 2 years.
  • Area of Focus- diverse experience; probably most well learned member of UPSC; special focus on Industrial sector, Education, Administrative Reforms, Poverty Alleviation Programmes etc.


Mrs. Alka Sirohi:

Mrs. Alka Sirohi joined the Indian Administrative Service in July, 1974. She has served in various capacities in Madhya Pradesh, as SDM, Collector and District Magistrate, Additional Secretary, Personnel, Administrative Reforms and Training and Additional Secretary, Housing and Environment, along with Executive Director, Environmental Planning & Coordination Organization and Director General Disaster Management Institute.
She has also served as Commissioner Higher Education and has been Secretary/Principal Secretary in the State Government over a span of 15 years from 1991 to 2005, playing a key role in policy formulation in vital sectors of government like Agriculture, Cooperation and Command Area Development, Women and Child Development (where she drafted the first state policy for empowerment of women), Food, Civil Supplies and Consumer Protection; Health and Family Welfare and Bhopal Gas Tragedy Relief and Rehabilitation; Commercial Taxes. She also served as Development Commissioner and ex-officio Principal Secretary, Panchayat and Rural Development, where a number of systems were devised for ensuring a high quality of rural roads, which were subsequently adopted in other states also.
In the course of her career with the State Government, she took up a number of new innovations in the field of health including the very successful programme of universal immunization in her District in 1981 which aimed at coverage of all children below 5 years of age, against five vaccine preventable diseases including polio. The approach adopted was similar to that subsequently adopted in the modern day national Pulse Polio Programme.
In Government of India she has served in the Department of Defence Production and subsequently as Additional Secretary in the Department of Consumer Affairs, where she was closely associated with the designing and launching of a multi media campaign for consumer awareness titled ‘Jago Grahak Jago’. She has been Secretary, Department of Food and Public Distribution in Government of India from September, 2008 till October, 2010, and prepared a comprehensive draft of a Food Security Law. She was Secretary, Department of Personnel and Training from November, 2010, which charge she was holding till January, 2012. During this period, she was closely associated with the drafting of several anti corruption legislations.

Area of Expertise:

  • Experience in Administrative Reforms, Housing, Environment, Disaster Management.
  • Took initiative in the field of Women Empowerment, Irrigation and Agriculture.
  • Initiatives in Panchayati Raj system, Rural Development, and Pulse Polio Programme.
  • Involved in the Consumer Awareness Campaign.
  • Areas to Focus- Administrative Reforms, Environment and Disaster Management, Women Empowerment and Health, Consumer Rights.


Prof. David R. Syiemlieh:

David Reid Syiemlieh is an Indian academician. He was born on 22 January 1953 in Assam. He taught undergraduates in St. Edmund's College (1977–1979) before joining the Department of History, NEHU, in 1979. He rose in the profession to become Professor in the Department of History. He held numerous positions in the University, including Dean of Students' Welfare; Head Department of History; Controller of Examinations; Registrar and Pro-Vice-Chancellor. Prof. Syiemlieh, is a former Vice Chancellor, Rajiv Gandhi University, Doikukh, Arunachal Pradesh.
He was Honorary Director of the Indian Council for Social Science Research (ICSSR), North Eastern Regional Centre, Shillong ;Member of the Indian Council for Historical Research, New Delhi and Member, Indian Council for Social Science Research,New Delhi. The President of India in her capacity as Visitor, Rajiv Gandhi University,Itanagar, Arunachal Pradesh, appointed Prof. David R Syiemlieh as Vice-Chancellor of the University. He took charge on 5 October 2011.

Area of Expertise:

  • Academic Background. Taught as a Professor of History.
  • Occupied High posts in several Universities and Research Institutes.
  • Area of Focus- Historical heritage of India, History of India and the World; Educational Reforms in India; Developments in North-East.


Shri Manbir Singh:

Former Secretary (Economic Relations), Ministry of External Affairs, took the oath of office and secrecy as Member, Union Public Service Commission.
An officer of Indian Foreign Service of 1976 batch, Shri Manbir Singh has held several important positions which includes Counselor (Commerce & Economics) in former USSR and later the Russian Republic, Minister at the Embassy of India in the United Arab Emirates, Chief of Protocol at Headquarters, New Delhi, Ambassador of India in the countries of Hungary, Iran and Netherlands. Shri Singh has also served as India’s representative to ‘Convention on Prevention of Chemical Weapons’ and the ‘International Court of Justice’.

Area of Expertise:

  • Experience in the Economic Sector.
  • Ambassador of India to a number of countries.
  • Represented India at the Convention on Prevention of Chemical Weapons, and International Court of Justice.
  • Area of Focus- Indian Foreign Relations; International Affairs; Disarmament; Developments in Asia.


Shri Amar Pratap Singh:

An officer of Indian Police Service of 1974 batch, Shri Amar Pratap Singh held several important positions earlier which include Inspector General (Special Branch & CID), Meghalaya State, Chief Vigilance Officer, Indian Airlines, Officer on Special Duty to the Chief Minister of Jharkhand, Additional Director General (Hqrs), Border Security Force, Special Director, CBI.

Points to Focus:

  • New Member of the UPSC.
  • Experience in the Police Department and Vigilance Commission.
  • Area to Focus- Anti-Corruption campaign in India; Indian Security Issues; Issues of development in India.


Vice Admiral (Retd.) D. K. Dewan:

An alumnus of National Defence Academy (Pune), Dewan was commissioned in the Navy on July 1, 1973. He had held key appointments including the Chief of Personnel from July 2007 to July 2009 and the Vice Chief of Naval Staff from August 31, 2009 to Aug 31, 2011 during his 38-year-career.

Points to Focus:

  • New Member.
  • Navy background.
  • Area to Focus- Defence issues; Maritime developments;


Shri Vinay Mittal:

Vinay Mittal is the former Railway Board chairman and 1975 batch retired Indian Railway Traffic Service officer.
In his long career in Indian Railways, Mittal had worked as general manager of North Western Railway, additional general manager, Central Railway, divisional railway manager, Bilaspur, chief passenger transportation manager, chief freight transportation manager, chief commercial manager and chief operations manager of Central Railway and executive director, Traffic Transportation (Movement) in Railway Board.
He was a member of the Indian delegation which visited USA and China in 2005-06 in connection with wagon designs and freight operations. Mittal is also credited with improvement in freight loading and punctuality performance in Central Railway and North Western Railway.
At a personal level, Mittal is known to be honest, soft-spoken and highly well-mannered. In many ways, aspirants facing the UPSC interview should feel happy if they spot Mittal in the panel.

Points to Focus:

  • Experience of Working in the Railways.
  • Member of Indian Delegation to USA and China.
  • Known as a soft-spoken, high well mannered person.
  • Areas to Focus- Transport sector in India; developments in Railways;


Dr. (Mrs.) P. Kilemsungla:

Dr. (Mrs) P. Kilemsungla is the first Naga to be appointed as a Member of the UPSC. It may be mentioned that after having become the first Naga woman member of Nagaland Public Service Commission (NPSC), Dr. (Mrs) P. Kilemsungla had retired as the acting chairperson of NPSC in January 2013. Dr. (Mrs) P. Kilemsungla graduated from Lady Keane College, Shillong and did her M.A (Education) from Guwahati University. She then did her Ph. D (Education) from NEHU.

Points to Focus:

  • First Naga Woman to be appointed as a member of the UPSC.
  • Acted as a Chairperson of the Nagaland Public Service Commission.
  • Educational Background- Ph.D in Education.
  • Area to Focus- Horticulture; Education reforms and developments in India; Issues related to North-East.


Shri Chhatar Singh:

Appointed as the member of the UPSC on 02.09.2013, Shri Chhatar Singh, earlier, worked as the Principal Secretary to Haryana Chief Minister Bhupinder Singh Hooda. He joined the civil services as a Dalit IAS Officer of Haryana cadre, and held several key positions in the state government. He would retire on 04.03.2018.

Points to Focus:

  • The most recently appointed member of the UPSC.
  • Belong to the Dalit community.
  • Area to Focus- Social Welfare Initiatives.

March 19, 2014

World Famous Political Leaders Biography

1.Mahatma Gandhi:

Famous as For His Philosophy of Truth and Non-violence
Born on 02 October 1869
Born in Porbandar, Gujarat, India
Died on 30 January 1948
Nationality India
Works & Achievements Key Role in Indian Freedom Struggle, Philosophy of Truth and Non-violence

2.Abraham Lincoln:

Famous as American President
Born on 12 February 1809
Born in Southeast Hardin County, Kentucky
Died on 15 April 1865
Nationality United States
Works & Achievements Preservation of the United States, Abolition of Slavery in America

 3.Lord Mountbatten:

Famous as Last Viceroy of British India and Governor-General of Independent India
Born on 25 June 1900
Born in Windsor, England
Died on 27 August 1979
Nationality United Kingdom

4.Nelson Mandela:

Famous as Anti-Apartheid Activist, President of ANC and Former President of South Africa
Born on 18 July 1918
Born in Transkei, South Africa
Nationality South Africa
Works & Achievements Nobel Peace Prize (1993), Struggle Against the Apartheid Regime, Leadership of Civil Rights Movement In South Africa

5.Margaret Thatcher:

Famous as and Only Woman Prime Minister of United Kingdom
Born on 13 October 1925
Born in Grantham, England
Nationality United Kingdom
Works & Achievements Revitalizing Britain's Economy, Suppression of Trade Unions

6.Winston Churchill:

Famous as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
Born on 30 November 1874
Born in Woodstock, Oxford shire
Died on 24 January 1965
Nationality United Kingdom
Works & Achievements PM of the United Kingdom

7.John F Kennedy:

Famous as 35th President of the United States
Born on 29 May 1917
Born in Massachusetts, USA
Died on 22 November 1963
Nationality United States
Works & Achievements Pulitzer Prize (1973); Known For Contribution in Civil Rights

8.Jawaharlal Nehru:

Famous as Former PM of India & Freedom Fighter
Born on 14 November 1889
Born in Allahabad, India
Died on 27 May 1964
Nationality India
Works & Achievements Authored the Discovery of India, Played an Important Role in Freedom Struggle

9.Indira Gandhi:

Famous as Former Prime Minister of India
Born on 19 November 1917
Born in Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh
Died on 31 October 1984
Nationality India
Works & Achievements First Woman Prime Minister of India; Lenin Peace Prize (for 1983-1984)

10.George Washington:

Famous as First President of the United States
Born on 22 February 1732
Born in Westmoreland County, Virginia
Died on 14 December 1799
Nationality United States
Works & Achievements Victory in the American Revolutionary War

 11.Mao Zedong:

Famous as Communist Leader of China
Born on 26 December 1893
Born in China
Died on 09 September 1976
Nationality China
Works & Achievements Victory in Chinese Civil War, Socio-Cultural reforms in China

12.Aung San Suu Kyi:

Famous as Political Leader (Freedom Fighter) of Myanmar
Born on 19 June 1945
Born in Yangon (Rangoon), Burma (Myanmar)
Nationality Myanmar
Works & Achievements Leader of the National League for Democracy; Nobel Peace Prize Winner (1991)

13.Vladimir Lenin:

Famous as Russian Revolutionary & Head of Communist Party
Born on 04 May 1870
Born in Simbirsk (Today's Ulyanovak)
Died on 21 January 1924
Nationality Russian Federation

14.Joseph Stalin:

Famous as Communist Revolutionary & Ruler of former USSR
Born on 21 December 1879
Born in Gori, Georgia
Died on 05 March 1953
Nationality Georgia
Works & Achievements General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union

15.Adolf Hitler:

Famous as Nazi Leader, German Dictator and Chancellor of Germany
Born on 20 April 1889
Born in Braunau am Inn, Austria-Hungry
Died on 30 April 1945
Nationality Germany

16.F D Roosevelt:

Famous as 32nd President of the United States
Born on 30 January 1882
Born in Hyde Park, New York
Died on 12 April 1945
Nationality United States
Works & Achievements 32nd President of the United States

17.Ho Chi Minh:

Famous as Former PM and President of Democratic Republic of Vietnam
Born on 19 May 1890
Born in Hoang Tru
Died on 02 September 1969
Nationality Vietnam
Works & Achievements Established the communist governed Democratic of Vietnam

18.Thomas Jefferson:

Famous as Political Philosopher & the third President of America
Born on 13 April 1743
Born in Virginia
Died on 04 July 1826
Nationality United States
Works & Achievements Founder of the Republicanism in America, Father of the Virginia University, the main author of the Declaration of Independence

19.Kofi Annan:

Famous as Secretary General of the United Nations
Born on 08 April 1938
Born in Kumasi, Ghana
Nationality Ghana
Works & Achievements Nobel peace Prize (2001)

and

20.Sun Yat Sen:

Famous as Chinese Revolutionary and 'Father of Modern china'
Born on 12 November 1866
Born in Chuiheng, Xiangshan
Died on 12 March 1925
Works & Achievements Creation and leadership of the 'Kuomintang'

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